Showing posts with label Matt Gottsacker. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Matt Gottsacker. Show all posts

Friday, December 4, 2015

Defining Rhetoric One Last Time

            Our lovely vocabulary list defined “rhetoric” as “the art of effective expression.”  I think this is an adequate description if we must limit its definition to five words.  However, the term can be defined at a much deeper level.  The given definition seems too simple.  The folks at BYU probably would agree with this statement, given their extensive analysis of the subject online.  For our simplified definition to hold enough weight, in my opinion, there must be extra emphasis placed on the word “art.”  A rhetorical analysis has a complex and meaningful process to it, one that cannot be overlooked by its reader.  Originally, I thought that rhetoric is dull and unimaginative, so I did not have high hopes for the content I would be learning.  Over this past semester, I have come to realize that this kind of expression can be beautiful and incredibly creative if I work hard at it.  There are many different elements that comprise an exceptional rhetorical piece.  When I put in the time to consider these different aspects, I learn how to manipulate my words to produce an effective argument.  Appealing to the emotions, logic, and character of my audience provides numerous challenges, but those areas are necessary in order to create a sound and memorable argument.  Upon the successful implementation of all three methods of persuasive appeals, I felt the structure and organization of my argument molds into a proactive discussion.  The completion of my large rhetorical project was extremely rewarding because I know that I learned a lot throughout the writing process, both about my topic and about writing. 

            As previously mentioned, successful and efficient rhetoric is more than mere expression.  It is a creative discussion between a writer and his or her audience.  By appealing to my audience’s emotions, logic, and character, I have learned to consider their thoughts on a much greater scale.  Additionally, by planting naysayers in my writing, I have learned to address the audience’s concerns in a manner that directly considers their pathos, logos, and ethos.  Furthermore, this trend toward a discussion-like structure has helped me create more convincing and original arguments.  By presenting an opinion with which I do not agree, I have to figure out ways to formulate a rebuttal against it, which requires imaginative thinking in various occasions.  In his book On Writing, Stephen King discusses how writing is a form of telepathy; the writer’s thoughts are communicated through his words to his readers, who in turn process the information and transfer those words into their own thoughts.  Previously, I only thought of this concept in the context of creative writing.  Now, I can easily see how this applies to rhetorical analyses.  Rhetoric is a discussion, but it is a discussion without words, which is the definition of telepathy.  This notion, indirectly applied by Stephen King (whom I consider a creative genius), stresses the creativity that goes into formulating a rhetorical argument.  
          Conclusively, an original and imaginative composition is necessary to capture the attention of the reader and convince him or her that it is relevant and to inspire a new way of thinking.  Rhetoric, as an art form, involves both the writer and reader at a much more meaningful level than I had previously understood.  It is a complex dialogue between the minds of two people, involving serious preparation and design on one end and inspired thoughtful analysis on the other.

Thursday, December 3, 2015

Multimedia Project

Here is a link to my video:

https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B960_P5j3nfFWVNHZHRQZmdGNW8/view?usp=sharing

Friday, November 20, 2015

Rhetorical Analysis of the Research Process

            The process of writing this research paper has taught me very much about conducting research and analyzing the data I receive.  The class in the library that focused on research was actually very helpful in understanding how to research a specific topic and gather thorough and credible sources about it.  The library itself is a great resource, and I found a dozen books that I directly cited in my paper or used to get a better understanding of the issue at hand.  Fight Club definitely helped me in this process.  I learned how to effectively argue verbally, which translated into a more cohesive argument on paper.  Being forced to represent sides of arguments which I disagreed with helped me plant adequate naysayers in my research paper.  The earlier Fight Club sessions in which we took time to collect research on particular topics before arguing helped me understand the process of research and structure argumentation.  The more recent Fight Club sessions, while based on more spontaneous research, made me make decisions about more divisive issues.  Both of these kinds of verbal arguments bolstered my abilities to formulate an effective argument in my research paper.

            I think the drafting process was thorough and well-timed.  I never felt terribly rushed or overwhelmed, and I am confident with my paper’s current status at this point in time related to the deadline.  The in-class writing was helpful in that it encourages a higher level of thinking.  I cannot remember exactly when that took place this semester, but it would probably be most helpful if it was the last assignment before assigning the first draft of the research paper.  Strunk & White are great sources for developing a thorough rhetorical argument, and I think they should be placed earlier in the research paper process.  The other sources we looked at (i.e. TSIS, CDA) were adequate, but I think we should have studied Strunk & White alongside them, rather than a long time afterwards.

Thursday, November 19, 2015

president should step down? fight club

Pro- student should have asked the president should step down
- he wasn't helping the students in the way he could have been
- obviously the student body was angry with him so therefore they should be able to ask him to step down in order to make a strong point that they are angry and fed up with his lack of help (express themselves)
-  if he didn't believe it was a huge issue then the student should definitely have asked him to step down because it was clearly effecting his students
-  student are allowed to ask whatever they want, they did not force the president to step down.
- People felt so strongly about him stepping down that the football team wasn't going to play well and people were going to starve themselves until the president stepped down.

Con- he should not have been asked to step down
-  they could have expressed that they need his help without asking him to step down
- not all student asked him to step-down
- he has done other things that have benefited Mizzou (he became president for a reason)
-  it is not ONLY the president that could have or should have been helping the students
- they could have asked him first why he wasn't helping, he could have believed that it was not an issue and explained why.
- not realizing how much they are harming themselves(not eating) and therefore the president almost had no option but to step down.

Thursday, November 12, 2015

Fight Club: Women CEO's

Pro
1.     Lack of equality in higher positions works against overall productivity of companies and economies.
2.     Disadvantages relative to men for women increase as the climb the ladder in companies
3.     Organic change will not be sufficient to fix the problem
4.     Women control around half of private wealth, so they have the ability to introduce useful perspective in how to convince people to invest that wealth in a given business
5.     Tensions will decrease when companies better reflect society at large and people adjust after the initial change.

Con
1.     Affirmative action only tends to help white women, and leaves other women out of the solution.
2.     People hired because they can fill a quota are not necessarily the best person for the job.
3.     Discrimination should not be the solution to discrimination. i.e you shouldn’t discriminate against the most qualified person because they aren’t a woman.
4.     Trying to get more women CEO only helps already well-off women, instead of the majority.

5.     Increases tension in the workplace, because it creates the feeling that women hired to fill a quota don’t deserve to be there.

Friday, November 6, 2015

Better than a Goldilocks

            “We’ve got a couple visitors,” John said, peering through his binoculars and checking his pistol.  Peter grabbed the binoculars.  His breath caught in his throat.  “A couple” was the understatement (1) of the millennium (hyperbole, 2).  An armada of at least one hundred ships hovered at the edge of the horizon, black dots silhouetted against the white light of a sun (antagonists, 3).  John rubbed his eyes to make sure he wasn’t just hallucinating a scene from Independence Day (allusion, 4).
            “Those are not friendlies,” Peter said.  He ran to the communications tent and found Mary fiddling with some equipment.  “Any new contact?”
            “No, sir.  This is day five (symbol, 5) and still nothing.”
            “Well, we have something.  Alert the others.”
            Wide-eyed, Mary summoned the team with her short-distance radio.  They rushed to their base clearing and saw the silhouettes moving closer, clearly distinguishable without binoculars at this point.  “Oh my god.  Oh my god!” one of the crew members gasped (anaphora, 6).
            “Grab your gear, stand position on the edge of the crash site crater,” Peter ordered.  We’re screwed, he thought.
            “Our Father, who art in heaven…” someone muttered (apostrophe, 7).
            They all scrambled to their places.  Peter was about to yell another command when he saw a rocket headed toward them.  “TAKE COVER!”
            The blast threw him back against what looked like a tree.  The haze and smoke reminded him of their crash onto this planet, just five days in the past.  What went wrong?  Why is this happening?  Every sense he felt at the crash came back immediately. 
-----------------
Some light had trickled past his eyelids, breaking the astronaut’s forced and pained slumber.  How long have I been out? Commander Peter Bishop (protagonist, 8) had thought as he gathered his surroundings.  He blinked hard and wiped a black film of sweat, blood, and ash from his forehead on the sleeve of his space suit.  More expensive than a luxury car, his suit was made from the most scientifically advanced material on earth.  It was designed to withstand cuts by diamonds and still be as flexible as nylon (simile, 9).  The crash shredded it (simple sentence, 10).  Peter wiped his face again.  He stared at his forearm.  Wait, wiping my face?  How— he thought.  He spun around, looking for his helmet.  I can’t breathe (contraction, 11).  He clawed at his throat and leapt up with a grimace, too panicked to notice or care about his fractured right leg.  Peter saw nothing but dirt and rocks scattered in the hundred-meter crater in which he found himself.  He scrambled to the top, gasping for oxygen.
            A low shining light just over the horizon, a sun, hit Peter’s eyes as he climbed over the lip of the crater, momentarily blinding him (appositive, 12).  He blinked rapidly, and then noticed ten people gathered in a lazy half-circle near him.  His shipmates.  Peter rushed them, pointing to his neck and wheezing.  Several of them jumped up and ran to his side.  Peter felt as though he were about to pass out, but then the youngest member of the team, John Zeb, said, “Commander Bishop, there is oxygen here.”  Peter locked eyes with him and inhaled. 
            It was a god-forsaken panic attack, Peter thought.  “We thought you kicked the bucket, Pete,” Andy said (euphemism, 13).  He sat down on what he thought was a rock before it yelped and scurried away.  It turned out to be a giant rodent, almost exactly like the kind Peter saw in those stupid sci-fi movies his older brother got addicted to.  Muttering the cleverest string of curse words that came to mind, the commander sat on the red and blue-speckled terrain, put his head in his palms, and gathered his thoughts (parallelism, 14).  His team watched him.  His stream of thoughts, a high-speed train showing no sign of slowing (metaphor, 15), was running wild ever since he gained consciousness.  It could have been his imagination, but the chunks of red and blue in the otherwise black soil beneath started to move, too.  Peter jumped up and started to stroll around the lip of the crater, taking in his surroundings, preparing for worse apparitions (asyndeton, 16).  Now, his thoughts started to slow and process coherently.
            So we’ve made it…wherever this is… His thoughts trailed off as he watched something that looked like a palm tree with spiky yellow leaves swoop down over a sneaking rodent.  It squealed for a moment before there was a loud SNAP and the leaves rustled to their original quiet position (onomatopoeia, 17).  Everything on this strange planet was still.  There was no wind, but there was light. An orb about twice the size of the earth’s sun appeared to be setting, and another star about a quarter of the size of the first on almost the directly opposite side broke through the horizon line on Peter’s right, murdering his shadow in the moments before the big star set.  Even without wind, the planet still had a certain life to it; its landscape breathed and shifted, as if it were an alien being itself (figurative language, 18).  The sky was the vibrant blue of the water at a Caribbean vacation spot.  And everywhere surrounding the crater were trees and plants of different shapes and sizes and effervescent colors, some of them similar in appearance to earthen flora but most completely strange and foreign (setting, 19).
            Peter completed his path around the crater and made it back to the crew of the USS Synthesis.  They all stared at him.  He said, “Anything left from the ship?”  He hadn’t seen any parts. 
            His second-in-command, Lucas Evans, said, “Just the back capsule.  We have a little food, enough clothes, and some electronics.”
            “Comm system?”
            Lucas nodded.  “Mary’s working on it in a quieter clearing with Andy.  It’s got a shot.”
            “Where?”
            Lucas pointed over Peter’s left shoulder.  “About a quarter of a mile in.”
            “Is it safe?”
            John spoke up again.  “We haven’t seen any animals that have tried to prey on us.  The plants don’t seem to like us either.  Commander, I think we found a Goldilocks planet.  It has air and it has to have food and—“
            “Water?”
            “Yeah,” Lucas said.  “It’s in the ground, and we found a river not much farther than Mary’s position.  It’s pure.”
            “It’s better than a Goldilocks,” John said.
            Peter nodded.  He realized he must have been out for a few hours longer than the rest of them if they already knew so much.  Better than our Goldilocks? he thought as he headed in the direction Lucas had pointed. 
            Mary and Andy, two of the most intelligent communications operators on earth, were huddled over the intergalactic radio (nothing more in appearance than a black box a foot in diameter), cursing under their breaths (parentheses, 20).  “Any progress?” Peter said.
            They both flinched.  “Jesus, Peter, why do you have to scare us like that?” Andy said.  “No progress yet, but there’s no reason why this shouldn’t—”
            Something had worked.  Something knew they were there.

------TO BE CONTINUED-----

Thursday, November 5, 2015

Pro and Cons of GMO's

Pro: Anna Czelusniak
Con: Matt Gottsacker

Con Argument: 
-unknown what the health effects are because new technology
-Natural breeding is safer and more natural
-GM seeds are more expensive, when they are not actually worth the extra cost
-The process of modifying genes is imprecise and uncontrolled; manipulating one gene can have large effects on the rest of the organism
-rats fed certain GM crops developed organ damage

  1. Increase use of pesticides and herbicides
  2. Cross pollination--pollen from modified plants can spreads and will infect other plants, creating "superweeds" with insecticidal properties or herbicide-resistance.
  3. GM crops have cost the United States an estimated $12 billion in farm subsidies, lost sales
  4. Possible link to allergies
    GE crops have been responsible for an increase of 383 million pounds of herbicide use in the US over the first 13 years of commercial use of GE crops (1996–2008). This dramatic increase in the volume of herbicides applied swamps the decrease in insecticide use attributable to GE corn and cotton, making the overall chemical footprint of today’s GE crops decidedly negative” -Dr. Charles BenBrook

    "They're just not worth it."

Pro Argument: 
Plants are able to live longer and with more ease. 
“Corn cannot reproduce without human aid” “Most important and widely grown in the United States” 
Positive Environmental Impacts 
-Soil salinity has become a major problem in all agriculture especially in the San Joaquin Valley.” 
-resistance to insects requires less use of pesticides which can be harmful to humans & environment
-more efficient use of land
-especially important in countries where farming space is limited
-plants can be genetically engineered to provide health benefit
-combat malnutrition
-ex: iron and vitamin A supplemented rice are beneficial in populations with nutrient deficiencies → longer lives
  1. Better resistance to stress: If crops can be made more resistant to pest outbreaks, it would reduce the danger of crop failure.
  2. More nutritious staple foods: By inserting genes into crops such as rice and wheat, we can increase their food value.
  3. More food from less land: Improved productivity from GMOs might mean that farmers in the next century won't have to bring so much marginal land into cultivation.
  4. TO COUNTER THE ALLERGIES IDEA: molecular biology could also be used to characterize allergens and remove them

    Overall, crops grow with more ease and we are more efficient

    "We would be nowhere without corn."


    "If we aren't gonna use GMO's, how can we combat pests?"

    It is safe to use GMO's up to a point before it affects the soil. We should look into subsidizing organic pesticides ...

    But won't they build a tolerance?

    ....



Friday, October 30, 2015

Fight Club--> My Paper

            Fight Club has taught me a lot more about writing than I initially thought it would have.  By arguing on a regular basis, I have been able to formulate a clear and concise position on a topic from an informed perspective.  I think being forced to defend a position that I do not personally agree with has helped me become a better arguer in and of itself because I have to go out of my comfort zone and convince someone else of an idea that I am not entirely in support of myself.  As a result, I have spent more time designing and articulating my position on certain topics, a positive effect that definitely carries through to writing my paper.  Because I am more comfortable arguing against my own opinion, it has also been easy to plant clear naysayers in my paper.  I can effectively formulate an argument against the motivating goals of my paper before refuting it with harder and more developed evidence.

            I think I am still having some trouble with retaining focus in my arguments and demonstrating the significance behind every point that I make.  I need to draw it all together and make it clear to the reader that my position is backed up with thorough evidence and is important to the rest of society.  Since it is a proposal for change, I need to get the reader on my side in order to affect any difference in the modern culture.  I think verbal arguments like Fight Club are a good place to point out these weaknesses.  By preparing a short speech outlining an argument, it is easy to find out where the discussion falls short or does not have enough evidence based on how long someone is able to talk about it.  I find that when I do not meet a time requirement when speaking about a topic, it is because my position is not well-informed or I cannot explain its importance.  It is obvious when someone is floundering for words in an opening statement, and that lack of confidence is duly noted by the audience.  Without a confident backing, an argument will not succeed.  So in that sense, a verbal argument setting reveals gaping holes in an argumentative situation.  However, these holes can be filled by spending more time developing evidence to provide a more informed and well-rounded argument, something that is obviously vital in the process of writing my paper.

Thursday, October 29, 2015

Self-Driving Cars Debate

Pro (Flip the switch) - Valdes:

  • it is more rational to hit a man who is sleeping and not paying attention than to hit people that are aware of what is happening
    • it makes more sense to sacrifice him because he is not aware
  • less guilt associated with the situation because you killed less people
  • did not kill people with lots of families
  • less lives lost = less harm to society
  • killing no one at all is the best option, but if you have to kill, kill the least amount of people
  • 90% of people in the survey chose to minimize harm
    • people tend to agree that it is the best option for the circumstances
  • either way you violate a moral rule, but this option is the lesser offense
  • if you do not flip the switch and killed 5 hikers, people tended to be more traumatized and emotionally stressed out
    • anxiety about the effects of the decision



Con (Don't flip the switch) - Krupowicz:

  • If you do not flip the switch, it is natural way of life
  • not at fault if you do not get involved in the situation
    • same outcome; as if you were never there
  • selfish to think or act on the situational fact that we can choose who lives and dies
    • not up to us
    • up to fate
  • human life is invaluable, so 5 lives is the same as 1 life
    • all or nothing; not quantifiable
  • self-driving car should be programmed to stay on the road because it is machine and its decisions need to keep it on the road
    • there could be negative consequences that complicate multiple people's lives rather than just killing one person

Friday, October 23, 2015

Flag of Cedarburg, WI

@Ms. Loftus Milwaukee is an awesome city, don’t hate.  We are working on the flag situation to make it better than Chicago.  Don’t be too excited about his opinion of your flag, it’s the only thing Chicago has over Milwaukee at this point.

Check out Roman Mars’s TED Talk if you care about your city. Never thought so much thought and symbolism was put into simplistic flag designs #flythecolors


Cedarburg, Wisconsin does not exactly have its own flag, but this is the design seen most common around and in association with the town.  Its design does not follow Mars’s rules for the design of flags.  It is complex, with a complicated drawn picture and lettering, directly disobeying the rules of simplicity.  Although its colors are simple and limited, it is not a good design overall.  From a distance, it is hard to distinguish its features.  It identifies an important symbol of the town, Cedar Creek Bridge, but that is a very small and detailed part of the design. 


In my new design, I made it very simple, but backed with important symbols.  Cedarburg is known for its tourism due to its historical and quaint atmosphere.  The Cedar Creek Bridge and Cedar Creek are often associated with the town and form its namesake, so they are represented in the blue around the edges and crossing brown lines.  Cedar Creek Bridge is the oldest wooden bridge in America, and that is why I chose to represent it with brown.  It is a subtle symbol, and the people of the area will understand its significance, making it a meaningful symbol.  Mars pointed out that flags are an important icon for cities and cause a lot of pride toward one’s area, so the deep symbolism will be vastly appreciated by the local population. 
Since it is known for its history and is a traditional culture, the residents and visitors take the past very seriously.  I drew the lines of the bridge crossing on the flag to demonstrate a link between the past and the future of the city.  The lines suggest continuity among generations, an aspect I think is important in the development of flags.



Friday, October 16, 2015

Addiction and Self-Mastery

            In his article, “Addicts, Mythmakers, and Philosophers,” Alan Brody examines the roots and reinforcements behind individuals’ struggles with addiction.  He employs the teachings of Greek philosophers like Plato, Aristotle, and Socrates to perform an in-depth analysis of why people become and remain addicted to certain habits.  The general population places a taboo on people that succumb to addiction and label them as sinful people who simply give into temptation.  However, it is evident that this is not the case.  Recent studies like those presented by Alan Brody shed new light on the philosophical interpretation of addition, which other researchers had not addressed (Graff 95).
            In the section titled, “Socrates on Self Mastery,” Brody attempts to explain the reason for the continuous nature of one’s addiction.  According to Socrates, “knowledge can provide a means of circumventing temptation’s distorting influence” (Brody).  I agree that being informed about a decision is beneficial in the process of avoiding a particular temptation, a point that needs emphasizing since there is so much information in the world that can possibly mislead people struggling. (Graff 64).  Socrates highlights this notion further, and points out that “knowing how to discern the good leads to doing the good, despite temptation’s deceptions” (Brody).  However, those suffering from addictive tendencies do not have the ability to discern right from wrong.  For example, in Brody’s explanation, Thad’s perceptions of beneficial decisions are skewed (Graff 136).  Brody writes, “he became willing to drink because for some reason he thought it was the best option, in spite of his resolve to remain abstinent” (Brody).  Previously, Thad made the mental and verbal commitment to not drink alcohol.  Due to his mental state and reliance on the substance, something deeply rooted in Thad told him the right decision at that time would be to consume alcohol.
          Brody’s discussion of addiction is important because it sensitizes the general population to the issue of addiction.  There is much more to any addiction than an un-addicted person realizes.  By presenting a thorough analysis of the roots of addiction, Brody appeals to the logic of his audience.  Since it is a controversial topic that most people have been affect by, Brody’s examination of addiction also strongly appeals to his audience’s emotions.  In the section about self-mastery, Brody paints a rather frightening image of a mental state.  The author points out that an addict may choose to avoid his or her addiction, but that “preference [is]…ineffective in preventing [a] relapse” (Brody).  While they rarely admit as much, supporters of the uninformed opposition often take for granted that people can control every part of their mental status (Graff 25).  In fact, they cannot.  This inability to establish personal bounds and stay true to them is not desired—even in the minds of addicts—but it is part of their lives, and the people with whom they interact need to take that into account.

Brody, Alan. "Addicts, Mythmakers and Philosophers." Philosophy Now. Philosophy Now, 2012. Web. 16 Oct. 2015.

Graff, Gerald, Cathy Birkenstein, and Russel Durst. They Say / I Say. 3rd ed. New York: 

W.W. Norton, 2015. Print.

Thursday, October 15, 2015

What is Original? Fight Club

Pro- There is no originality

Con- There is true originality


Pro Arguments- Matt Graham


  • There will always be a source. For instance, the podcast raises many valid points.  
    • Bob Dillon borrowed 2/3 of his melodies from other artists. This is called "sampling". 
    • The "riff" from Free Bird came from the song Torus by Spirit. 
    • Steve Jobs inventions with multi-touch weren't incredible. 
    • In fashion, there are very few property rights. 
    • The Big Bang was original but there is math that contradicts those theory. 
  • These examples came about because these people's ideas were inspired from somewhere else, whether it was intentional or not. 
  • Every choice that someone makes is influenced by someone else. 
Con Arguments- Matthew Gottsaker

  • When you expand upon something, you are transforming something and building off of it. Even though it is originally from somewhere else people's inputs are original and so are the changes they created. 
  • For example, when Bob Dillon sampled his songs, he created a new environment with the riff and thus created his own original work. His work is greatly appreciated today, even though people know it is unoriginal.  
  • Ideas are meant to be expanded on, thus there is true originality. 
  • As long as you credit the original creator, it gives you the right to expand of their ideas. 
  • With the multi-touch technology, it may not have been original but he expanded on it in his own way and revolutionized the concept which has impacted society immensly. 
  • Ben Franklin never patented anything because he wanted people to build off of his ideas and in the end improve them. It is never a bad idea to have multiple points of view. 
Pro Counter- Matt Graham

  • Ultimately, there are two types of originality There is completely original work, where the creator or inventor inspired his work from his own thoughts, and there is influenced originality where the creator was inspired by others work to create something new. 
  • For example, when homo-erectus started to use tools in new and innovative ways, this was original which shows that everything started somewhere which proves the theory of originality. 
  • The definition of original is more cultural. 
Con Counter- Matthew Gottsaker
  • People tend to see that the only things that original are things that have a large impact on society. 
  • This is a misconception, as those developments aren't any different then sampling the words "Hit it". Even though it is unoriginal those people had a whole new creative intention, which is original. 

Saturday, October 10, 2015

Coddling America's Minds

            In Greg Lukianoff and Jonathan Haidt’s article, “The Coddling of the American Mind,” they examine the educational environment created by imposing emotional restrictions on college students.  There has been a trend toward holding students back from any comments deemed hurtful.  Lukianoff and Haidt describe the movement as “undirected and driven largely by students, to scrub campuses clean of words, ideas, and subjects that might cause discomfort or give offense” (Lukianoff).  College campuses, previously identified as bastions of liberal thinking, become more close-minded with these new regulations.  For example, by exaggerating microaggressions and forcing teachers to issue trigger warnings, college administrators in effect coddle adult students when they should be encouraging new experiences and encounters on their campuses (Graff 136).  Lukianhoff and Haidt’s observations are important to modern society because they force the population of students and teachers participating in the college education system to reevaluate their approaches to espousing and receiving higher knowledge.  I agree that the college environment is digressing into an era of limiting communication and development of students due to senseless policies, a point that needs emphasizing since so many people still believe students should be eased into the challenges of the real world throughout their college experience (Graff 64).
            College, previously a place of free expression and exchange of ideas, is slowly discouraging students to hold their tongues and not immerse themselves in conversations that could help them learn about the real world.  While they rarely admit as much, supporters of this recent trend often take for granted that students’ development in college is strongly linked to their interactions with numerous other people (Graff 25).  This movement focuses on ensuring the safety of students’ psychological health.  Lukianoff and Haidt argue that the trend “presumes an extraordinary fragility of the collegiate psyche” and tries to “turn campuses into safe spaces” where young adults are shielded from words and ideas that make some uncomfortable” (Lukianhoff).  Students are (for the most part) eighteen years old when they enter college.  They are permitted to vote, and society marks them as adults.  Therefore, they should be treated like adults.  More importantly, they should want to be treated like adults.  It seems senseless that so many limitations on everyday interactions have been placed on students.  When adults offend others or hear something that offends them, they should be forced to deal with the repercussions or personal damages on their own. 
            This obvious trend is important to take note of in modern society as our colleges educate the next generation of active thinkers.  Recent studies like those presented by Lukianoff and Haidt shed new light on the societal significance of this movement, which previous media journalists had not addressed (Graff 95).  The authors of this article pose an important question: “What exactly are students learning when they spend four years or more in a community that polices unintentional slights, places warning labels on works of classic literature, and…conveys the sense that words can be forms of violence?” (Lukainoff).  Colleges are considered to be the highest form of education in America; it seems unreasonable that those institutions actually inhibit development.  Taking note of these developments is necessary if we want to change anything about how we act.  College should prepare students for a professional career, but Lukianoff and Haidt note that “[vindictive protectiveness] prepares them poorly for professional life, which often demands intellectual engagement with people and ideas one might find uncongenial or wrong” (Lukianoff).  Even more worrisome are the immediate effects of such limitations.  For instance, the authors write, “A campus culture devoted to policing speech and punishing speakers is likely to engender patterns of thought that are surprisingly similar to those long identified by cognitive behavioral therapists as causes of depression and anxiety” (Lukianoff).  This quotation indicates the very real dangers of teaching students to think within a closed sphere of emotional protection.  The trend of colleges and universities toward protecting students from themselves is a detrimental decision to the individuals involved and the evolving world that demands hyperactive and productive thinkers.  The closed-minded movement teaches students to think the wrong way, which sets them up for failure within their respective academic field.  Additionally, the limiting nature of the students downplays everything that the collegiate education system strives to represent.  Overall, as a society, we need to reevaluate the values we want in our education system.  While it will take time and effort to push back against this movement, it will create a safer environment and better development for students in the long run.



Graff, Gerald, Cathy Birkenstein, and Russel Durst. They Say / I Say. 3rd ed. New York: W.W. Norton, 2015. Print.


Lukianoff, Greg, and Jonathan Haidt. "The Coddling of the American Mind." The Atlantic. Atlantic Media Company, 10 Aug. 2015. Web. 10 Oct. 2015.